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Prevalence of cigarette smoking in pregnant women participating in the special supplemental nutrition programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
Author(s) -
Ross Julie A.,
Swensen Andrine R.,
Murphy Sharon E.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.667
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3016
pISSN - 0269-5022
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3016.2002.00421.x
Subject(s) - medicine , cotinine , pregnancy , psychological intervention , smoking cessation , cigarette smoking , environmental health , smoking prevalence , nicotine , obstetrics , demography , psychiatry , population , genetics , pathology , sociology , biology
Summary Several adverse birth outcomes are associated with cigarette smoking. It is important to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking among pregnant low‐income women and to evaluate their smoking cessation patterns in order to target appropriate interventions. Ethnically diverse pregnant women aged 15–45 years were recruited from Minneapolis or Saint Paul Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) clinics before their third trimester. Serum cotinine levels were assayed for 98 women and compared with self‐report. The women were unaware that their smoking status would be validated. Twenty‐one (21%) women had a positive serum cotinine value (≥3 ng/mL); 16 (76%) admitted smoking within the previous 24 h before interview and five denied smoking. Of the five, four had cotinine levels that could suggest passive smoke exposure. Thirty‐seven women (38%) admitted cigarette smoking during the pregnancy but before knowing that they were pregnant; 18 (49%) of these denied current smoking at the interview and also presented with negative cotinine levels. These data suggest that some participants in WIC make a concerted effort to quit smoking when they find out they are pregnant, and are generally truthful when reporting their smoking habits during pregnancy.