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IL‐1β and IL‐6 excite neurones and suppress cholinergic neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig
Author(s) -
Kelles A.,
Janssens J.,
Tack J.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
neurogastroenterology and motility
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.489
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1365-2982
pISSN - 1350-1925
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2982.2000.00228.x
Subject(s) - myenteric plexus , excitatory postsynaptic potential , acetylcholine , cholinergic , neurotransmission , enteric nervous system , tetrodotoxin , choline acetyltransferase , postsynaptic potential , endocrinology , medicine , biology , chemistry , neuroscience , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , receptor , immunohistochemistry
The effects of the inflammatory mediators interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) on myenteric neurones were investigated by intracellular recordings in a conventional myenteric plexus preparation of guinea pig ileum. Micropressure ejection of IL‐1β and IL‐6 (10 −7 mol L −1 ) both caused an excitatory effect in, respectively, 19% (13/70) and 7% (5/70) of the myenteric neurones. The IL‐1β‐induced depolarizations were inhibited by superfusion of the IL‐1β receptor antagonist. The responses seen were tetrodotoxin‐resistant, indicating a direct neuronal effect. Responses to both cytokines were seen in nitric oxide synthase‐immunoreactive as well as choline acetyltransferase‐immunoreactive neurones. In addition, both IL‐1β and IL‐6 reversibly caused a presynaptic inhibition of acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve terminals. Both cytokines had no effect on the slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Therefore, we can conclude that the inflammatory mediators IL‐1β and IL‐6 can act as excitatory neuromodulators of gastrointestinal motility through direct excitatory actions on a subset of myenteric neurones and through the presynaptic inhibition of acetylcholine release.