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Toxicity and behavioural effects of diet‐borne alkaloids on larvae of the black blowfly, Phormia regina
Author(s) -
Green P. W. C.,
Simmonds M. S. J.,
Blaney W. M.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
medical and veterinary entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1365-2915
pISSN - 0269-283X
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2002.00358.x
Subject(s) - phormia regina , arecoline , biology , nicotine , calliphoridae , larva , bioassay , population , toxicology , zoology , botany , biochemistry , ecology , medicine , receptor , muscarinic acetylcholine receptor , environmental health , neuroscience
Larvae of the black blowfly, Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were exposed for 24 h to artificial diets that contained one of the following alkaloids: arecoline, caffeine, nicotine, quinine, sparteine or strychnine at either 1000 or 100 p.p.m. Each of the alkaloids caused reduced weight gain, relative to a control population in a no‐choice bioassay and, with the exception of quinine, all alkaloids caused reduced larval weights in a choice bioassay. Larvae were unable to move away from diets containing arecoline (1000 and 100 p.p.m) and congregated away from diets containing 1000 p.p.m. quinine. Arecoline (1000 p.p.m) and both concentrations of nicotine caused significant mortality of larvae. Over a longer period (120 h), 10 and 1 p.p.m. nicotine resulted in significant numbers of larvae congregating away from a treated diet. Ten p.p.m. nicotine caused reduced weight gain over 120 h, although larvae provided with a choice were less affected. Exposure of larvae to dried residues of nicotine for 2 h did not affect subsequent development.