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In vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamic properties of the fluoroquinolone ibafloxacin
Author(s) -
Coulet M.,
Van Borssum Waalkes M.,
Cox P.,
Lohuis J.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2002.00438.x
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , enterobacter , bordetella bronchiseptica , minimum inhibitory concentration , antimicrobial , pasteurella multocida , aztreonam , in vivo , pharmacodynamics , biology , antibiotics , pharmacology , escherichia coli , pharmacokinetics , antibiotic resistance , bacteria , imipenem , biochemistry , genetics , gene
The pharmacodynamic properties of a new veterinary fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, ibafloxacin, were evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations ( MIC ), time‐kill kinetics, postantibiotic effect (PAE) and postantibiotic subminimal inhibitory concentration effects (PA‐SME) were determined against pathogenic canine Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacterial isolates from dermal, respiratory and urinary tract infections. The synergistic interactions between ibafloxacin and its main metabolite, 8‐hydroxy‐ibafloxacin were investigated. Finally, the efficacy of ibafloxacin was tested in in vivo canine infection models. Ibafloxacin had good activity against Pasteurella spp., Escherichia coli , Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. ( MIC 90 =0.5 µg/mL), moderate activity against Bordetella bronchiseptica , Enterobacter spp. and Enterococcus spp. ( MIC 50 =4 µg/mL) and low activity against Pseudomonas spp. and Streptococcus spp. The time‐killing analysis confirmed that ibafloxacin was bactericidal with a broad spectrum of activity. The PAE and PA‐SME were between 0.7–2.13 and 1–11.5 h, respectively. Finally, studies in dog models of wound infection and cystitis confirmed the efficacy of once daily oral ibafloxacin at a dosage of 15 mg/kg. Additional studies are needed to better define the importance of AUC / MIC ( AUIC ) and C max / MIC ratios on the outcome of fluoroquinolone therapy in dogs.