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Pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin in pigs and broilers following intravenous, intramuscular, and oral single‐dose applications
Author(s) -
Ding H. Z.,
Zeng Z. L.,
Fung K. F.,
Chen Z. L.,
Qiao G. L.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2001.00348.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , oral administration , intramuscular injection , zoology , antibiotics , broiler , plasma concentration , absorption (acoustics) , medicine , pharmacology , chemistry , veterinary medicine , biology , biochemistry , physics , acoustics
Pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, was determined in pigs and broilers after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), or oral (p.o.) administration at a single dose of 5 (pigs) or 10 mg/kg (broilers). Plasma concentration profiles were analysed by a noncompartmental pharmacokinetic method. Following i.v., i.m. and p.o. doses, the elimination half‐lives ( t 1/2 β ) were 3.37 ± 0.46, 4.66 ± 1.34, 7.20 ± 1.92 (pigs) and 2.53 ± 0.82, 6.81 ± 2.04, 3.89 ± 1.19 h (broilers), respectively. After i.m. and p.o. doses, bioavailabilities ( F ) were 81.8 ± 9.8 and 42.6 ± 8.2% (pigs) and 72.1 ± 8.1 and 59.6 ± 13.8% (broilers), respectively. Steady‐state distribution volumes ( V d(ss) ) of 1.92 ± 0.27 and 3.40 ± 1.26 L/kg and total body clearances ( Cl B ) of 0.51 ± 0.03 and 1.20 ± 0.20 L/kg/h were determined in pigs and broilers, respectively. Areas under the curve ( AUC ), mean residence times ( MRT ), and mean absorption times ( MAT ) were also determined. Sarafloxacin was demonstrated to be more rapidly absorbed, more extensively distributed, and more quickly eliminated in broilers than in pigs. Based on the single‐dose pharmacokinetic parameters determined, multiple dosage regimens were recommended as: a dosage of 10 mg/kg given intramuscularly every 12 h in pigs, or administered orally every 8 h in broilers, can maintain effective plasma concentrations with bacteria infections, in which MIC 90 are <0.25 μg/mL.

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