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Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and dosage regimen of sulphadiazine (SDZ) in camels ( Camelus dromedarius )
Author(s) -
Rajiv Kumar,
Singh Ap,
Mahendra P. Kapoor,
Awani Kumar
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2885.1998.00164.x
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , bioavailability , volume of distribution , elimination rate constant , chemistry , zoology , absorption (acoustics) , oral administration , half life , cmax , body weight , pharmacology , regimen , medicine , biology , physics , acoustics
The pharmacokinetics of sulphadiazine (SDZ) (100 mg/kg, body weight) were investigated in six camels ( Camelus dromedarius ) after intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration. Following i.v. administration, the overall elimination rate constant (β) was 0.029±0.001/h and the half‐life ( t ½β ) was 23.14±1.06 h. The apparent volume of distribution ( V d (area) ) was 0.790±0.075 L/kg and the total body clearance ( Cl B ) was 23.29±2.50 mL/h/kg. After p.o. administration, SDZ reached a peak plasma concentration ( C max(cal.) ) of 62.93±2.79 μg/mL at a post injection time of ( T max(cal.) ) 22.98±0.83 h. The elimination half‐life was 19.79±1.22 h, not significantly different from that obtained by the i.v. route. The mean absorption rate constant (K a ) was 0.056±0.002 h −1 and the mean absorption half‐life ( t ½Ka ) was 12.33±0.37 h. The mean availability ( F ) of sulphadiazine was 88.2±6.2%. To achieve and maintain therapeutically satisfactory plasma SDZ levels of 50 μg/mL, the priming and maintenance doses would be 80 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg intravenously and 90 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg orally, respectively, to be repeated at 24 h intervals.