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Morphological and structural study of pseudowollastonite implants in bone
Author(s) -
De Aza,
Luklinska,
Kirk Martinez,
Anseau,
Guitian,
De Aza
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of microscopy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.569
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1365-2818
pISSN - 0022-2720
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2000.00647.x
Subject(s) - implant , biomedical engineering , scanning electron microscope , chemistry , simulated body fluid , dissolution , bone tissue , in vivo , bone formation , materials science , composite material , surgery , medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , endocrinology
In vitro experiments show that pseudowollastonite (α‐CaSiO 3 ) is a highly bioactive material that forms a hydroxyapatite surface layer on exposure to simulated body fluid and also to human parotid saliva. This finding is very significant, as it indicates that the pseudowollastonite can be physically and chemically integrated into the structure of living bone tissue, and therefore could be suitable for repair or replacement of living bone. The physical and chemical nature of the remodelled interface between the pseudowollastonite implants and the surrounding bone has been studied after in vivo implantation of 20 pseudowollastonite cylinders into rat tibias. The interfaces formed after 3, 6, 8 and 12 weeks of implantation were examined histologically using an optical microscope and also by analytical scanning electron microscopy. SEM and X‐ray elemental analysis showed that the new bone was growing in direct contact with the implants. Other examinations found that the bone was fully mineralized. The ionic exchange taking place at the implant interface with the body fluids was essential in the process of the implant integration through a dissolution–precipitation–transformation mechanism. The study found the interface biologically and chemically active over the 12‐week implantation period. The rate of new bone formation decreased after the first 3 weeks and reached constant value over the following 9 weeks. The osteoblastic cells migrated towards the interface and colonized the surface at the contact areas with the cortical regions and also bone marrow.