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Smoking and relation to other risk factors in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease, with particular reference to whole blood viscosity and β‐cell function
Author(s) -
Os I.,
Høieggen A.,
Larsen A.,
Sandset P. M.,
Djurovic S.,
Berg K.,
Os A.,
Birkeland K.,
Westheim A.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of internal medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.625
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1365-2796
pISSN - 0954-6820
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01110.x
Subject(s) - medicine , medroxyprogesterone acetate , hormone replacement therapy (female to male) , body mass index , menopause , coronary artery disease , risk factor , blood viscosity , endocrinology , cardiology , hormone , testosterone (patch)
. Os I, Høieggen A, Larsen A, Sandset PM, Djurovic S, Berg K, Os A, Birkeland K, Westheim A (University of Oslo; Ulleval University Hospital; and Aker University Hospital, Oslo, Norway). Smoking and relation to other risk factors in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease, with particular reference to whole blood viscosity and β‐cell function. J Intern Med 2003; 253: 232–239. Objectives. To investigate possible associations between smoking habits and other coronary risk factors in postmenopausal women with known coronary heart disease (CHD). Setting. The study was conducted at a university clinic. Subjects. A total of 118 postmenopausal women with CHD verified with angiography, consecutively recruited. Interventions. Conventional treatment for CHD. The women were randomized to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with transdermal 17‐β oestradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate, or to a control group. Results. Smokers were younger ( P = 0.005), had lower body mass index ( P = 0.04) and lipoprotein Lp(a) levels ( P = 0.02) compared with nonsmokers. Smokers had reduced β‐cell function (homeostasis model assessment, P = 0.006), whereas whole blood viscosity (WBV) was higher at all shear rates. WBV was not affected by HRT over a 12‐month period. Oestrone levels were higher in smokers. Conclusions. Smoking adversely affects insulin secretion (β‐cell function) and WBV in postmenopausal women with established CHD, which could be of importance as a mechanism for the increased risk of CHD in smokers. The importance of smoking as a risk factor, overrides the effect of Lp(a), which is lower in smokers compared with nonsmokers.