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In vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans to four disinfectants and their combinations
Author(s) -
Waltimo T. M. T.,
Ørstavik D.,
Sirén E. K.,
Haapasalo M. P. P.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2591.1999.00237.x
Subject(s) - sodium hypochlorite , disinfectant , chlorhexidine , serial dilution , candida albicans , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , calcium hydroxide , iodine , chlorine , sodium , distilled water , nuclear chemistry , chromatography , medicine , biology , organic chemistry , dentistry , alternative medicine , pathology
Waltimo TMT, Ørstavik D, Sirén EK, Haapasalo MPP . In vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans to four disinfectants and their combinations. International Endodontic Journal , 32, 421–429 1999. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of seven strains of Candida albicans to four disinfectants: iodine potassium iodidea, chlorhexidine acetate, sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide. In addition, all possible pairs of the disinfectants were tested in order to compare the effect of the combination and its components. Methodology Filter paper discs were immersed in standardized yeast suspensions and then transferred to disinfectant solutions of different concentrations and incubated at 378C for 30 s, 5 min, 1 h and 24 h. After incubation the filter paper discs were transferred to vials with PBS and glass beads that were then vigorously shaken for dispersal of the yeast cells. PBS with resuspended yeasts was serially diluted 10‐fold. Droplets of 25 μL from each dilution were inoculated on TSB agar plates and incubated in air at 378C for 24 h. The number of colony‐forming units was then calculated from appropriate dilutions. Results C. albicans cells were highly resistant to calcium hydroxide. Sodium hypochlorite (5% and 0.5%) and iodine (2%) potassium iodide (4%) killed all yeast cells within 30 s, whilst chlorhexidine acetate (0.5%) showed complete killing after 5 min. Combinations of disinfectants were equally or less effective than the more effective component. All C. albicans strains tested showed similar susceptibility to the medicaments tested. Conclusions This study indicates that sodium hypochlorite, iodine potassium iodide and chlorhexidine acetate are more effective than calcium hydroxide against C. albicans in vitro . However, combining calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine may provide a wide‐spectrum antimicrobial preparation with a long‐lasting effect.