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The effect of apolipoprotein B xbaI polymorphism on plasma lipid response to dietary fat
Author(s) -
José LópezMiranda,
Carmen Marı́n,
Pedro Castro,
Pedro Gómez,
Angel González-Amieva,
Elier Paz,
Dolores Bravo,
José M. Ordovás,
J. Jiménez-Perepérez,
Francisco PérezJiménez
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00681.x
Subject(s) - apolipoprotein b , medicine , cholesterol , endocrinology , triglyceride , saturated fat , genotype , allele , dietary fat , polymorphism (computer science) , biology , chemistry , gene , biochemistry
Background and aims Lipid response to dietary fat and cholesterol is, to a large extent, genetically controlled. Apolipoprotein B (apo B) plays a dominant role in cholesterol homeostasis. Several polymorphic sites within or adjacent to the gene locus for apo B have been detected. The X+ allele of the XbaI restriction fragment polymorphism of the apo B gene has been found to be associated with higher serum cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels. In order to study the influence of this mutation on the plasma lipid response in diets of varying fat content, 72 healthy male subjects were studied, 21 X− X− (X−) and 51 X+ (X+ X− or X+ X+). Methods and results These subjects followed three consecutive 28‐day diet periods: one rich in saturated fats (SAT diet; 38% fat, 20% saturated); a National Cholesterol Education Program type I diet (NCEP‐I diet) (28% fats, < 10% saturated); and a third monounsaturated (MUFA diet)(38% fats, 22% monounsaturated). The different genotypes can be observed to have significant effects on total and LDL cholesterol concentrations ( P < 0.017). X+ individuals had higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol after the consumption of a SAT diet ( P < 0.012; P < 0.006, respectively), NCEP diet ( P < 0.060; P < 0.054, respectively) and MUFA diet ( P < 0.022 ; P < 0.042, respectively) in comparison with X− individuals. A significant interaction between genotypes and dietary effects was observed for diet‐induced changes in plasma triglycerides ( P < 0.032). Significant decreases in the absolute values of triglyceride concentrations (−0.18 mmol L −1 , P < 0.024) were noted in the X− subjects after the high intake of a MUFA diet, while no significant differences were observed in the X+ individuals (0.006 mmol L −1 , P < 0.858). Conclusions Our results suggest that the total triglyceride response to diet is influenced by the apo B XbaI polymorphism.