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Death risk factor analysis in primary hyperparathyroidism
Author(s) -
Hedbäck,
Odén
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
european journal of clinical investigation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.164
H-Index - 107
eISSN - 1365-2362
pISSN - 0014-2972
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-2362.1998.00387.x
Subject(s) - medicine , primary hyperparathyroidism , renal function , creatinine , risk factor , diabetes mellitus , hyperparathyroidism , proportional hazards model , body mass index , hazard ratio , endocrinology , confidence interval
Background Patients treated for primary hyperparathyroidism run an increased risk of death. The aim of this study was to analyse several factors that may influence their risk of death. Methods General, laboratory, physical and clinical variables, altogether 34 variables, were defined as possible risk factors for death and were studied in a patient series of 845 patients operated on during the period 1953–82. Mean follow‐up time was 10.5 years (SD 5.9); 253 patients were deceased at follow‐up. Cox's proportional hazard model was used. Results We found seven variables with independent influence on the risk of death: age, sex, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, glomerular filtration rate, renal tubular concentration capacity and amount of diseased parathyroid tissue. The remaining 27 variables were separately tested, one at a time, using the same method and with the influence of age and sex eliminated. In this test situation, the year of surgery, peak serum calcium, serum creatinine level, body mass index, hypertension, psychiatric symptoms and a history of crisis were all significantly related to the risk of death. The analyses also gave information on the direction and magnitude of the effect of the variables on the risk of death. Conclusion Primary hyperparathyroidism itself is a risk factor for death, but it was concluded that well‐preserved renal function at surgery seems to have a protective role. We also found that the greater the amount of diseased parathyroid tissue the lesser the renal function and, furthermore, that hyperparathyroidism of substantial degree or long duration may bring about renal impairment that is not necessarily disclosed by the creatinine value alone.