Development of systemic sclerosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and topoisomerase I antibody

We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with topoisomerase I (topo I, Scl‐70) antibody, a specific marker for systemic sclerosis (SSc). SSc patients who produce this antibody have severe cutaneous and visceral involvement, and eventually have a poor prognosis. It is rare to find this antibody in patients with other collagen diseases. Only four SLE patients have been reported in the English language literature who were topo I antibody‐positive but had no clinical evidence of scleroderma. The serum of our patient with SLE had precipitating topo I antibody from the onset of his disease. Twelve years after the onset of SLE, he developed proximal scleroderma and pulmonary fibrosis. This case reconfirms the prognostic significance of topo I antibody as a predictive marker, and indicates that SLE patients with topo I antibody require careful follow‐up for future development of scleroderma.