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Kindling of claustrum and insular cortex: comparison to perirhinal cortex in the rat
Author(s) -
Mohapel Paul,
Zhang Xia,
Gillespie Greg W.,
ChlanFourney Jennifer,
Hannesson Darren K.,
Corley Shan M.,
Li XinMin,
Corcoran Michael E.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
european journal of neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.346
H-Index - 206
eISSN - 1460-9568
pISSN - 0953-816X
DOI - 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01532.x
Subject(s) - claustrum , perirhinal cortex , kindling , neuroscience , epileptogenesis , insular cortex , fosb , cortex (anatomy) , forelimb , psychology , clonus , amygdala , convulsion , epilepsy , chemistry , temporal lobe , biochemistry , nucleus , transcription factor , gene
The perirhinal cortex has recently been implicated in the kindling of limbic generalized seizures. The following experiments in rats tested the selectivity of the perirhinal cortex's epileptogenic properties by comparing its kindling profile with those of the adjacent insular cortex, posterior (dorsolateral) claustrum and amygdala. The first experiment examined the kindling and EEG profiles, and found that both the claustrum and insular cortex demonstrated rapid epileptogenic properties similar to the perirhinal cortex, including very rapid kindling rates and short latencies to convulsion. Furthermore, electrical stimulation of all three structures led to a two‐phase progression through stage‐5 seizures which had characteristics of both neocortical and amygdaloid kindling. In a second experiment rats were suspended in a harness to allow for more detailed documentation of both forelimb and hindlimb convulsions. With this procedure we were able to detect subtle yet unique differences in convulsion characteristics from each of the kindled sites and stage‐5 seizure phases. Some of these convulsive parameters were correlated with changes in FosB/ΔFosB protein and BDNF mRNA expression measured two hours after the last convulsion. Overall, it appears that the perirhinal cortex is not unique in its property of rapid epileptogenesis. Moreover, the posterior claustrum exhibited the fastest kindling and most vigorous patterns of clonus, suggesting that it may be even more intimately associated with the motor substrates responsible for limbic seizure generalization than is the perirhinal cortex.