Open AccessExternal stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for spatially and temporally controlled delivery of CRISPR–Cas genome editors
Author(s) -
Ruosen Xie,
Yuyuan Wang,
Shaoqin Gong
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
biomaterials science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.422
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 2047-4849
pISSN - 2047-4830
DOI - 10.1039/d1bm00558h
Subject(s) - crispr , genome editing , cas9 , genome , computational biology , computer science , in vivo , exploit , biology , genetics , gene , computer security
The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful tool for genome editing, which can potentially lead to new therapies for genetic diseases. To date, various viral and non-viral delivery systems have been developed for the delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo . However, spatially and temporally controlled genome editing is needed to enhance the specificity in organs/tissues and minimize the off-target effects of editing. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art non-viral vectors that exploit external stimuli ( i.e. , light, magnetic field, and ultrasound) for spatially and temporally controlled genome editing and their in vitro and in vivo applications.