Open AccessCombined neonicotinoid pesticide and parasite stress alter honeybee queens’ physiology and survival
Author(s) -
Claudia Dussaubat,
Alban Maisonnasse,
Didier Crauser,
Sylvie Tchamitchian,
Marc Bonnet,
Marianne Cousin,
André Kretzschmar,
Jean-Luc Brunet,
Yves Le Conte
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
scientific reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.24
H-Index - 213
ISSN - 2045-2322
DOI - 10.1038/srep31430
Subject(s) - biology , carboxylesterase , neonicotinoid , pesticide , toxicology , parasite hosting , stressor , zoology , imidacloprid , ecology , enzyme , biochemistry , neuroscience , world wide web , computer science
Honeybee colony survival strongly relies on the queen to overcome worker losses exposed to combined stressors like pesticides and parasites. Queen’s capacity to withstand these stressors is however very little known. The effects of the common neonicotinoid pesticide imidacloprid in a chronic and sublethal exposure together with the wide distributed parasite Nosema ceranae have therefore been investigated on queen’s physiology and survivorship in laboratory and field conditions. Early physiological changes were observed on queens, particularly the increase of enzyme activities (catalase [CAT] and glutathione-S-transferase [GST] in the heads) related to protective responses to xenobiotics and oxidative stress against pesticide and parasite alone or combined. Stressors also alter the activity of two other enzymes (carboxylesterase alpha [CaE α ] and carboxylesterase para [CaE p ] in the midguts) involved in metabolic and detoxification functions. Furthermore, single and combined effects of pesticide and parasite decrease survivorship of queens introduced into mating hives for three months. Because colony demographic regulation relies on queen’s fertility, the compromise of its physiology and life can seriously menace colony survival under pressure of combined stressors.