Open AccessDiet-dependent, microbiota-independent regulation of IL-10-producing lamina propria macrophages in the small intestine
Author(s) -
Takanori Ochi,
Feng Yang,
Sho Kitamoto,
Hiroko NagaoKitamoto,
Peter Kuffa,
Koji Atarashi,
Kenya Honda,
Daniel H. Teitelbaum,
Nobuhiko Kamada
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
scientific reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.24
H-Index - 213
ISSN - 2045-2322
DOI - 10.1038/srep27634
Subject(s) - homeostasis , small intestine , biology , lamina propria , population , intestinal mucosa , cytokine , parenteral nutrition , enteral administration , stimulation , immunology , endocrinology , medicine , epithelium , environmental health , genetics
Intestinal resident macrophages (Mϕs) regulate gastrointestinal homeostasis via production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. Although a constant replenishment by circulating monocytes is required to maintain the pool of resident Mϕs in the colonic mucosa, the homeostatic regulation of Mϕ in the small intestine (SI) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that direct stimulation by dietary amino acids regulates the homeostasis of intestinal Mϕs in the SI. Mice that received total parenteral nutrition (TPN), which deprives the animals of enteral nutrients, displayed a significant decrease of IL-10-producing Mϕs in the SI, whereas the IL-10-producing CD4 + T cells remained intact. Likewise, enteral nutrient deprivation selectively affected the monocyte-derived F4/80 + Mϕ population, but not non-monocytic precursor-derived CD103 + dendritic cells. Notably, in contrast to colonic Mϕs, the replenishment of SI Mϕs and their IL-10 production were not regulated by the gut microbiota. Rather, SI Mϕs were directly regulated by dietary amino acids. Collectively, our study highlights the diet-dependent, microbiota-independent regulation of IL-10-producing resident Mϕs in the SI.