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Coordinating TLR‐activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system
Author(s) -
Banerjee Ashish,
Gerondakis Steve
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
immunology and cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.999
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1440-1711
pISSN - 0818-9641
DOI - 10.1038/sj.icb.7100098
Subject(s) - signal transduction , microbiology and biotechnology , kinase , upstream and downstream (dna) , iκb kinase , map kinase kinase kinase , ask1 , mitogen activated protein kinase , protein kinase a , biology , nf κb , mitogen activated protein kinase kinase , upstream (networking) , computer science , computer network
Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling leads to the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase and nuclear factor‐ κ B signaling pathways. While the upstream signaling events initiated at the level of adaptors and the activation of the downstream signaling pathways have received a lot of attention, our understanding of how these signaling pathways are coordinated to regulate gene expression is poorly understood. This review gives a selective overview on our current understanding of signaling downstream of TLRs, with an emphasis on how the upstream kinases like the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinases (TAK1 and Tpl2) and inhibitor of κ ‐B kinase (IKK) coordinate the signaling events that steer the course of an immune response.