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The hypoxia‐inducible‐factor hydroxylases bring fresh air into hypoxia signalling
Author(s) -
Berra Edurne,
Ginouvès Amandine,
Pouysségur Jacques
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.1038/sj.embor.7400598
Subject(s) - hydroxylation , transcription factor , hypoxia inducible factors , hypoxia inducible factor 1 , microbiology and biotechnology , hypoxia (environmental) , gene expression , gene , biochemistry , proline , oxygen , biology , transcription (linguistics) , hif1a , pas domain , dioxygenase , chemistry , enzyme , amino acid , linguistics , philosophy , organic chemistry
Metazoans rapidly respond to changes in oxygen availability by regulating gene expression. The transcription factor hypoxia‐inducible‐factor (HIF), which controls the expression of several genes, ‘senses’ the oxygen concentration indirectly through the hydroxylation of two proline residues that earmarks the HIF‐α subunits for proteasomal degradation. We review the expression, regulation and function of the HIF prolyl hydroxylases or prolyl hydroxylases domain proteins, which are genuine oxygen sensors.