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Arabidopsis CYP86A2 represses Pseudomonas syringae type III genes and is required for cuticle development
Author(s) -
Xiao Fangming,
Mark Goodwin S,
Xiao Yanmei,
Sun Zhaoyu,
Baker Douglas,
Tang Xiaoyan,
Jenks Matthew A,
Zhou JianMin
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
the embo journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 7.484
H-Index - 392
eISSN - 1460-2075
pISSN - 0261-4189
DOI - 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600290
Subject(s) - pseudomonas syringae , cutin , arabidopsis , biology , cuticle (hair) , effector , mutant , plant cuticle , gene , type three secretion system , microbiology and biotechnology , wild type , secretion , arabidopsis thaliana , biochemistry , genetics , wax
Pseudomonas syringae relies on type III secretion system to deliver effector proteins into the host cell for parasitism. Type III genes are induced in planta , but host factors affecting the induction are poorly understood. Here we report on the identification of an Arabidopsis mutant, att1 (for a berrant induction of t ype t hree genes), that greatly enhances the expression of bacterial type III genes avrPto and hrpL. att1 plants display enhanced disease severity to a virulent strain of P. syringae , suggesting a role of ATT1 in disease resistance. ATT1 encodes CYP86A2, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase catalyzing fatty acid oxidation. The cutin content is reduced to 30% in att1 , indicating that CYP86A2 plays a major role in the biosynthesis of extracellular lipids. att1 has a loose cuticle membrane ultrastructure and shows increased permeability to water vapor, demonstrating the importance of the cuticle membrane in controlling water loss. The enhanced avrPto‐luc expression is specific to att1 , but not another cuticle mutant, wax2 . The results suggest that certain cutin‐related fatty acids synthesized by CYP86A2 may repress bacterial type III gene expression in the intercellular spaces.