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Modulation of angiogenesis by dithiolethione‐modified NSAIDs and valproic acid
Author(s) -
Isenberg J S,
Jia Y,
Field L,
Ridnour L A,
Sparatore A,
Soldato P,
Sowers A L,
Yeh G C,
Moody T W,
Wink D A,
Ramchandran R,
Roberts D D
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707198
Subject(s) - angiogenesis , sulindac , pharmacology , valproic acid , umbilical vein , chemistry , zebrafish , cancer research , biochemistry , medicine , biology , in vitro , epilepsy , neuroscience , nonsteroidal , gene
Background and purpose: Angiogenesis involves multiple signaling pathways that must be considered when developing agents to modulate pathological angiogenesis. Because both cyclooxygenase inhibitors and dithioles have demonstrated anti‐angiogenic properties, we investigated the activities of a new class of anti‐inflammatory drugs containing dithiolethione moieties (S‐NSAIDs) and S‐valproate. Experimental approach: Anti‐angiogenic activities of S‐NSAIDS, S‐valproate, and the respective parent compounds were assessed using umbilical vein endothelial cells, muscle and tumor tissue explant angiogenesis assays, and developmental angiogenesis in Fli:EGFP transgenic zebrafish embryos. Key results: Dithiolethione derivatives of diclofenac, valproate, and sulindac inhibited endothelial cell proliferation and induced Ser 78 phosphorylation of hsp27, a known molecular target of anti‐angiogenic signaling. The parent drugs lacked this activity, but dithiolethiones were active at comparable concentrations. Although dithiolethiones can potentially release hydrogen sulphide, NaSH did not reproduce some activities of the S‐NSAIDs, indicating that the dithioles regulate angiogenesis through mechanisms other than release of H 2 S. In contrast to the parent drugs, S‐NSAIDs, S‐valproate, NaSH, and dithiolethiones were potent inhibitors of angiogenic responses in muscle and HT29 tumor explants assessed by 3‐dimensional collagen matrix assays. Dithiolethiones and valproic acid were also potent inhibitors of developmental angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos, but the S‐NSAIDs, remarkably, lacked this activity. Conclusions and implication: S‐NSAIDs and S‐valproate have potent anti‐angiogenic activities mediated by their dithiole moieties. The novel properties of S‐NSAIDs and S‐valproate to inhibit pathological versus developmental angiogenesis suggest that these agents may have a role in cancer treatment. British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 151 , 142–151. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707198