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Effects of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists in a genetic animal model of primary paroxysmal dystonia
Author(s) -
Richter Angelika,
Hamann Melanie
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704268
Subject(s) - adenosine , adenosine receptor antagonist , agonist , cgs 21680 , adenosine receptor , dystonia , medicine , antagonist , endocrinology , adenosine a1 receptor , pharmacology , chemistry , receptor , psychiatry
Recent studies have shown beneficial effects of an adenosine A 2A receptor agonist in dt sz mutant hamsters, an animal model of paroxysmal dystonia, in which stress and consumption of coffee can precipitate dystonic attacks. This prompted us to examine the effects of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists on severity of dystonia in dt sz hamsters in more detail. The non‐selective adenosine A 1 /A 2A receptor antagonists, caffeine (10 – 20 mg kg −1 i.p.) and theophylline (10 – 30 mg kg −1 s.c.), worsened the dystonia in dt sz hamsters. Aggravation of dystonia was also caused by the selective adenosine A 1 /A 2A antagonist CGS 15943 (9‐chloro2‐2‐furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐c]quinazolin‐5‐amine) at a dose of 30 mg kg −1 i.p. and by the adenosine A 1 antagonist DPCPX (8‐cyclopentyl‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine; 20 – 30 mg kg −1 i.p.), while the A 2 antagonist DMPX (3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐propargylxanthine; 2 – 4 mg kg −1 i.p.) and the highly selective A 2A antagonist ZM 241385 (4‐(2‐[7‐amino‐2‐(2‐furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[2,3‐a][1,3,5]triazin‐5‐ylamino]ethyl)phenol; 2 – 5 mg kg −1 i.p.) failed to exert any effects on dystonia. In contrast to the antagonists, both the adenosine A 1 receptor agonist CPA (N 6 ‐cyclopentyladenosine; 0.1 – 1.0 mg kg −1 i.p.) and the A 2A agonist CGS 21680 (2 p ‐(2carboxyethylphen‐ethylamino‐5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamindoadenosine; 0.1 – 2.0 mg kg −1 i.p.) exerted a striking improvement of dystonia. These data suggest that the precipitating effects of methylxanthines are, at least in part, related to their adenosine receptor antagonistic action. Although adenosine receptor agonists can be regarded as interesting candidates for the therapy of paroxysmal dystonia, adverse effects may limit the therapeutic potential of adenosine A 1 agonists, while beneficial effects of the adenosine A 2A agonist CGS 21680 were already found at well tolerated doses.British Journal of Pharmacology (2001) 134 , 343–352; doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704268