Open AccessInflammatory monocytes regulate Th1 oriented immunity to CpG adjuvanted protein vaccines through production of IL-12
Author(s) -
Stefaan De Koker,
Lien Van Hoecke,
Alain De Beuckelaer,
Kenny Roose,
Kim Deswarte,
Monique Willart,
Pieter Bogaert,
Thomas Naessens,
Bruno G. De Geest,
Xavier Saelens,
Bart N. Lambrecht,
Johan Grooten
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
scientific reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.24
H-Index - 213
ISSN - 2045-2322
DOI - 10.1038/s41598-017-06236-6
Subject(s) - tlr9 , cpg site , priming (agriculture) , immune system , biology , immunology , antigen , cpg oligodeoxynucleotide , immunity , innate immune system , t cell , antigen presentation , acquired immune system , dna methylation , gene , gene expression , genetics , botany , germination
Due to their capacity to skew T cell responses towards Th1 oriented immunity, oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG) have emerged as interesting adjuvants for vaccination. Whereas the signalling pathways in response to CpG mediated TLR9 activation have been extensively documented at the level of the individual cell, little is however known on the precise identity of the innate immune cells that govern T cell priming and polarisation to CpG adjuvanted protein antigens in vivo . In this study, we demonstrate that optimal induction of Th1 oriented immunity to CpG adjuvanted protein vaccines requires the coordinated actions of conventional DCs and of monocytes. Whilst conventional DCs were required for antigen presentation and initial T cell priming, monocytes constitute the main source of the Th1 polarising cytokine IL-12.