Open AccessEnvironmental allergens trigger type 2 inflammation through ripoptosome activation
Author(s) -
Michael Brusilovsky,
Mark Rochman,
Yrina Rochman,
Julie M. Caldwell,
Lydia E Mack,
Jennifer M Felton,
J. Habel,
Aleksey Porollo,
Chandrashekhar Pasare,
Marc E. Rothenberg
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
nature immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 9.074
H-Index - 388
eISSN - 1529-2916
pISSN - 1529-2908
DOI - 10.1038/s41590-021-01011-2
Subject(s) - innate immune system , inflammation , immunology , biology , allergic inflammation , innate lymphoid cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cytokine , caspase , signal transduction , immune system , apoptosis , biochemistry , programmed cell death
Environmental allergens, including fungi, insects and mites, trigger type 2 immunity; however, the innate sensing mechanisms and initial signaling events remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that allergens trigger RIPK1-caspase 8 ripoptosome activation in epithelial cells. The active caspase 8 subsequently engages caspases 3 and 7, which directly mediate intracellular maturation and release of IL-33, a pro-atopy, innate immunity, alarmin cytokine. Mature IL-33 maintained functional interaction with the cognate ST2 receptor and elicited potent pro-atopy inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Inhibiting caspase 8 pharmacologically and deleting murine Il33 and Casp8 each attenuated allergic inflammation in vivo. Clinical data substantiated ripoptosome activation and IL-33 maturation as likely contributors to human allergic inflammation. Our findings reveal an epithelial barrier, allergen-sensing mechanism that converges on the ripoptosome as an intracellular molecular signaling platform, triggering type 2 innate immune responses. These findings have significant implications for understanding and treating human allergic diseases.