
Dual electrocatalysis enables enantioselective hydrocyanation of conjugated alkenes
Author(s) -
Song Lu,
Niankai Fu,
Brian G. Ernst,
Will W H Lee,
Michael O. Frederick,
Robert A. DiStasio,
Song Lin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
nature chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 9.996
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1755-4349
pISSN - 1755-4330
DOI - 10.1038/s41557-020-0469-5
Subject(s) - hydrocyanation , enantioselective synthesis , chemistry , cyanation , electrocatalyst , combinatorial chemistry , alkene , nitrile , kinetic resolution , electrochemistry , organic chemistry , catalysis , electrode
Chiral nitriles and their derivatives are prevalent in pharmaceuticals and bioactive compounds. Enantioselective alkene hydrocyanation represents a convenient and efficient approach for synthesizing these molecules. However, a generally applicable method featuring a broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance remains elusive. Here, we address this long-standing synthetic problem using dual electrocatalysis. Using this strategy, we leverage electrochemistry to seamlessly combine two canonical radical reactions-cobalt-mediated hydrogen-atom transfer and copper-promoted radical cyanation-to accomplish highly enantioselective hydrocyanation without the need for stoichiometric oxidants. We also harness electrochemistry's unique feature of precise potential control to optimize the chemoselectivity of challenging substrates. Computational analysis uncovers the origin of enantio-induction, for which the chiral catalyst imparts a combination of attractive and repulsive non-covalent interactions to direct the enantio-determining C-CN bond formation. This work demonstrates the power of electrochemistry in accessing new chemical space and providing solutions to pertinent challenges in synthetic chemistry.