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Acute Exercise and Training Alter Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Profiles Differently in Overweight and Obese Men and Women
Author(s) -
Greene Nicholas P.,
Martin Steven E.,
Crouse Stephen F.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1038/oby.2012.65
Subject(s) - overweight , medicine , endocrinology , high density lipoprotein , blood lipids , treadmill , lipoprotein , c reactive protein , cholesterol , obesity , inflammation
Our purpose was to elucidate effects of acute exercise and training on blood lipids‐lipoproteins, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) in overweight/obese men ( n = 10) and women ( n = 8); age, BMI, body fat percentage, and VO 2 max were (mean ± SEM): 45 ± 2.5 years, 31.9 ± 1.4 kg·m −2 , 41.1 ± 1.5%, and 25.2 ± 1.3 mlO 2 ·kg −1 ·min −1 . Before exercise training subjects performed an acute exercise session on a treadmill (70% VO 2 max, 400 kcal energy expenditure), followed by 12 weeks of endurance exercise training (land‐based or aquatic‐based treadmill): 3 sessions·week −1 , progressing to 500 kcal·session −1 during which subjects maintained accustomed dietary habits. After training, the acute exercise session was repeated. Blood samples, obtained immediately before and 24 h after acute exercise sessions, were analyzed for serum lipids, lipoproteins, and hsCRP adjusted for plasma volume shifts. Exercise training increased VO 2 max (+3.67 mlO 2 ·kg −1 ·min −1 , P < 0.001) and reduced body weight (−2.7 kg, P < 0.01). Training increased high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL 2b ‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) concentrations (+3.7 and +2.4 mg·dl −1 , P < 0.05) and particle numbers (+588 and +206 nmol·l −1 , P < 0.05) in men. In women despite no change in total HDL‐C, subfractions shifted from HDL 3 ‐C (−3.2, P < 0.01) to HDL 2b ‐C (+3.5, P < 0.05) and HDL 2a ‐C (+2.2 mg·dl −1 , P < 0.05), with increased HDL 2b particle number (+313 nmol·l −1 , P < 0.05). Training reduced LDL 3 concentration and particle number in women (−1.6 mg·dl −1 and −16 nmol·l −1 , P < 0.05). Acute exercise reduced the total cholesterol (TC): HDL‐C ratio in men (−0.16, P < 0.01) and increased hsCRP in all subjects (+0.05 mg·dl −1 , P < 0.05), regardless of training. Training did not affect acute exercise responses. Our data support the efficacy of endurance training, without dietary intervention, to elicit beneficial changes in blood lipids‐lipoproteins in obese men and women.