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Fat Distribution, Aerobic Fitness, Blood Lipids, and Insulin Sensitivity in African‐American and European‐American Women
Author(s) -
Hunter Gary R.,
ChandlerLaney Paula C.,
Brock David W.,
LaraCastro Cristina,
Fernandez Jose R.,
Gower Barbara A.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1038/oby.2009.229
Subject(s) - medicine , aerobic exercise , endocrinology , insulin , blood lipids , cholesterol , adipose tissue , lipoprotein , vo2 max , blood pressure , heart rate
The purpose of this study was to determine independent relationships of intra‐abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), leg fat, and aerobic fitness with blood lipids and insulin sensitivity (S i ) in European‐American (EA) and African‐American (AA) premenopausal women. Ninety‐three EA and ninety‐four AA with BMI between 27 and 30 kg/m 2 had IAAT by computed tomography, total fat and leg fat by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, aerobic fitness by a graded exercise test, African admixture (AFADM) by ancestry informative markers, blood lipids by the Ektachem DT system, and S i by glucose tolerance test. Independent of age, aerobic fitness, AFADM, and leg fat, IAAT was positively related to low‐density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL‐C), cholesterol‐high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, triglycerides (TGs), and fasting insulin (standardized β varying 0.16–0.34) and negatively related to HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) and S i (standardized β −0.15 and −0.25, respectively). In contrast, independent of age, aerobic fitness, AFADM, and IAAT, leg fat was negatively related to total cholesterol, LDL‐C, cholesterol‐HDL ratio, TGs, and fasting insulin (standardized β varying −0.15 to −0.21) and positively related to HDL‐C and S i (standardized β 0.16 and 0.23). Age was not independently related to worsening of any blood lipid but was related to increased S i (standardized β for S i 0.25, insulin −0.31). With the exception of total cholesterol and LDL‐C, aerobic fitness was independently related to worsened blood lipid profile and increased S i (standardized β varying 0.17 to −0.21). Maintenance of favorable fat distribution and aerobic fitness may be important strategies for healthy aging, at least in premenopausal EA and AA women.