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Relationship of Adiponectin with Insulin Sensitivity in Humans, Independent of Lipid Availability
Author(s) -
Furler Stuart M.,
Gan Seng Khee,
Poynten Ann M.,
Chisholm Donald J.,
Campbell Lesley V.,
Kriketos Adamandia D.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1038/oby.2006.29
Subject(s) - adiponectin , medicine , endocrinology , insulin , insulin sensitivity , insulin resistance , lipid metabolism , chemistry
Abstract Objective : To test in humans the hypothesis that part of the association of adiponectin with insulin sensitivity is independent of lipid availability. Research Methods and Procedures : We studied relationships among plasma adiponectin, insulin sensitivity (by hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic clamp), total adiposity (by DXA), visceral adiposity (VAT; by magnetic resonance imaging), and indices of lipid available to muscle, including circulating and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL; by 1 H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy). Our cohort included normal weight to obese men ( n = 36). Results : Plasma adiponectin was directly associated with insulin sensitivity and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and inversely with plasma triglycerides but not IMCL. These findings are consistent with adiponectin promoting lipid uptake and subsequent oxidation in muscle and inhibiting TG synthesis in the liver. In multiple regression models that also included visceral and total fat, free fatty acids, TGs, and IMCL, either alone or in combination, adiponectin independently predicted insulin sensitivity, consistent with some of its insulin‐sensitizing effects being mediated through mechanisms other than modulation of lipid metabolism. Because VAT directly correlated with total fat and all three indices of local lipid availability, free fatty acids, and IMCL, an efficient regression model of insulin sensitivity ( R 2 = 0.69, p < 0.0001) contained only VAT (part R 2 = 0.12, p < 0.002) and adiponectin (part R 2 = 0.41, p < 0.0001) as independent variables. Discussion : Given the broad range of total adiposity and body fat distribution in our cohort, we suggest that insulin sensitivity is robustly associated with adiponectin and VAT.