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Validation and Calibration of an Accelerometer in Preschool Children
Author(s) -
Pate Russell R.,
Almeida Maria J.,
McIver Kerry L.,
Pfeiffer Karin A.,
Dowda Marsha
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1038/oby.2006.234
Subject(s) - accelerometer , intraclass correlation , physical activity , medicine , energy expenditure , correlation coefficient , calibration , physical therapy , zoology , statistics , mathematics , reproducibility , computer science , biology , operating system
Objective: Obesity rates in young children are increasing, and decreased physical activity is likely to be a major contributor to this trend. Studies of physical activity in young children are limited by the lack of valid and acceptable measures. The purpose of this study was to calibrate and validate the ActiGraph accelerometer for use with 3‐ to 5‐year‐old children. Research Methods and Procedures: Thirty preschool children wore an ActiGraph accelerometer (ActiGraph, Fort Walton Beach, FL) and a Cosmed portable metabolic system (Cosmed, Rome, Italy) during a period of rest and while performing three structured physical activities in a laboratory setting. Expired respiratory gases were collected, and oxygen consumption was measured on a breath‐by‐breath basis. Accelerometer data were collected at 15‐second intervals. For cross‐validation, the same children wore the same instruments while participating in unstructured indoor and outdoor activities for 20 minutes each at their preschool. Results: In calibrating the accelerometer, the correlation between V̇ o 2 (ml/kg per min) and counts was r = 0.82 across all activities. The only significant variable in the prediction equation was accelerometer counts ( R 2 = 0.90, standard error of the estimate = 4.70). In the cross‐validation, the intraclass correlation coefficient between measured and predicted V̇ o 2 was R = 0.57 and the Spearman correlation coefficient was R = 0.66 ( p < 0.001). Cut‐off points for moderate‐ and vigorous‐intensity physical activity were identified at 420 counts/15 s (V̇ o 2 = 20 mL/kg per min) and 842 counts/15 s (V̇ o 2 = 30 mL/kg per min), respectively. When these cutpoints were applied to the cross‐validation data, percentage agreement, kappa, and modified kappa for moderate activity were 0.69, 0.36, and 0.38, respectively. For vigorous activity, the same measures were 0.81, 0.13, and 0.62. Discussion: Accelerometer counts were highly correlated with V̇ o 2 in young children. Accelerometers can be appropriately used as a measure of physical activity in this population.