Open AccessTotal and Regional Fat Distribution is Strongly Influenced by Genetic Factors in Young and Elderly Twins
Author(s) -
Malis Charlotte,
Rasmussen Eva L.,
Poulsen Pernille,
Petersen Inge,
Christensen Kaare,
BeckNielsen Henning,
Astrup Arne,
Vaag Allan A.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
obesity research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1550-8528
pISSN - 1071-7323
DOI - 10.1038/oby.2005.265
Subject(s) - dizygotic twins , heritability , trunk , medicine , twin study , intraclass correlation , demography , anthropometry , obesity , physiology , biology , obstetrics , genetics , clinical psychology , ecology , sociology , psychometrics
Objective: Indirect estimates of obesity such as BMI seem to be strongly influenced by genetic factors in twins. Precise measurements of total and regional fat as determined by direct techniques such as DXA scan have only been applied in a few twin studies. The aim of the present study was to estimate the heritability (h 2 ) of total and regional fat distribution in young and elderly Danish twins. Research Methods and Procedures: Monozygotic (108) and dizygotic (88) twins in two age groups (25 to 32 and 58 to 66 years) underwent anthropometric measurements and DXA scans. Intraclass correlations and etiologic components of variance were estimated for total and regional fat percentages using biometric modeling. Results: The intraclass correlations demonstrated higher correlations for all fat percentages among monozygotic twins as compared with dizygotic twins. The biometric modeling revealed a major genetic component (h 2 ) of total (h 2 young = 0.83, h 2 elderly = 0.86) and regional fat percentages (trunk, h 2 young = 0.82, h 2 elderly = 0.85; lower body, h 2 young = 0.83, h 2 elderly = 0.81; and trunk/lower body, h 2 young = 0.83, h 2 elderly = 0.71) in both the young and elderly twins. Discussion: The h 2 estimates emphasize that body fat and distribution as determined by DXA scan are under extensive genetic control.