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Mapping the pulmonary environment of animals protected from virulent H1N1 influenza infection using the TLR‐2 agonist Pam 2 Cys
Author(s) -
Mifsud Edin J,
Tan Amabel C L,
Reading Patrick C,
Jackson David C
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
immunology and cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.999
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1440-1711
pISSN - 0818-9641
DOI - 10.1038/icb.2015.81
Subject(s) - nasal administration , agonist , innate immune system , virus , toll like receptor , immune system , receptor , influenza a virus , immunology , virulence , chemistry , biology , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , gene
We have previously shown that intranasal administration of the Toll‐like receptor‐2 agonist, S‐(2,3‐bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl) cysteine (Pam 2 Cys), provides immediate and antigen independent protection against challenge with influenza virus. Here we characterize the cellular pulmonary environments of mice which had either been treated with Pam 2 Cys or placebo and then challenged with influenza virus. We show that Pam 2 Cys treatment results in the influx of innate immune cells into the lungs and that depletion of phagocytic cells from this influx using clodronate‐loaded liposomes caused a reduction in the number of interstitial macrophages and monocytes. This resulted in abolition of the protective effect indicating the importance of this cellular subset in Pam 2 Cys‐mediated protection.