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Langerin functions as an antiviral receptor on Langerhans cells
Author(s) -
Vlist Michiel,
Geijtenbeek Teunis B H
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
immunology and cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.999
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1440-1711
pISSN - 0818-9641
DOI - 10.1038/icb.2010.32
Subject(s) - langerin , c type lectin , immune system , immunology , biology , mannan binding lectin , pattern recognition receptor , acquired immune system , receptor , antigen , microbiology and biotechnology , langerhans cell , mannose receptor , innate immune system , virology , lectin , dendritic cell , in vitro , macrophage , genetics
Langerhans cells (LC) are the first dendritic cells (DC) to encounter pathogens entering the body via mucosa or skin. Equipped with pattern recognition receptors (PRR), LC are able to detect and respond to these pathogens. An important PRR, in human exclusively expressed by LC, is the C‐type lectin Langerin. Langerin forms a protective barrier against HIV‐1 infection by binding and degradation of this virus. In addition, antigens targeted to Langerin are presented to T cells to induce an adaptive immune response. Therefore Langerin functions as an innate anti‐viral defense mechanism and an antigen receptor involved in adaptive immune responses. Here, we review the role of Langerin in antiviral protection, its structural similarity to other C‐type lectins, and how its function and polymorphisms influence the function of Langerhans cells.