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ISOLATION OF ORTHO‐ AND PARAMYXOVIRUSES FROM WILD BIRDS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AND THE CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL INFLUENZA A VIRUSES
Author(s) -
Mackenzie JS,
Edwards EC,
Holmes RM,
Hinshaw VS
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
australian journal of experimental biology and medical science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.999
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1440-1711
pISSN - 0004-945X
DOI - 10.1038/icb.1984.9
Subject(s) - biology , newcastle disease , virology , zoology , isolation (microbiology) , influenza a virus subtype h5n1 , equine influenza , virus , microbiology and biotechnology
Summary As part of the World Health Organization's international programme on the ecology of influenza, cloacal swabs were collected from 3, 736 birds belonging to 67 species over a 3‐year period in Western Australia for the isolation of ortho‐ and paramyxoviruses. A total of 24 influenza A viruses were isolated from various species of ducks, shearwaters, noddies, terns and a coot, and were sub‐typed as H1N9, H3N8, H4N4, H4N6, H6N2, H6N4, H?N2, H?N6 and H?N9. The H? haemugglutinins did not react in tests with reference antisera. Whether they represent a novel haemagglutinin subtype or atypical members of an established subtype remains to be determined, although preliminary results indicate that they may be atypical members of the H7 subtype. The H1N9 isolate is the first reported isolate of this particular antigenic combination. A total of 17 Newcastle disease viruses was isolated from ducks, noddies, terns and a black‐fronted plover: preliminary results suggest that they are avirulent for domestic chickens. This study indicates that ortho‐ and paramyxoviruses are present in a variety of wild birds in Australia.