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Hidden talents of natural killers: NK cells in innate and adaptive immunity
Author(s) -
Cooper Megan A.,
Colonna Marco,
Yokoyama Wayne M.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
embo reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.584
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1469-3178
pISSN - 1469-221X
DOI - 10.1038/embor.2009.203
Subject(s) - innate lymphoid cell , acquired immune system , biology , innate immune system , immunology , interleukin 12 , immunity , immune system , interleukin 21 , natural killer t cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cytotoxic t cell , t cell , genetics , in vitro
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes capable of killing target cells and producing immunoregulatory cytokines. Herein, we discuss recent studies that indicate that NK cells span the conventional boundaries between innate and adaptive immunity. For example, it was recently discovered that NK cells have the capacity for memory‐like responses, a property that was previously thought to be limited to adaptive immunity. NK cells have also been identified in multiple tissues, and a subset of cells that specialize in the production of the T H 17 cytokine IL‐22, NK‐22s, was recently described in mucosal‐associated lymphoid tissue. Finally, we review work that shows that NK cells develop at sites that were traditionally thought to be occupied only by adaptive immune cells, including the thymus and lymph nodes.