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Pomegranate Juice and Pomegranate Extract Do Not Impair Oral Clearance of Flurbiprofen in Human Volunteers: Divergence From In Vitro Results
Author(s) -
Hanley M J,
Masse G,
Harmatz J S,
Court M H,
Greenblatt D J
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1038/clpt.2012.170
Subject(s) - flurbiprofen , pharmacology , pharmacokinetics , cyp2c9 , chemistry , polyphenol , in vitro , in vivo , fluconazole , caffeine , oral administration , grapefruit juice , medicine , biochemistry , cytochrome p450 , antifungal , enzyme , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , antioxidant , dermatology
Nutrient interactions with prescription drugs are a topic of ongoing basic and clinical research. Pomegranate juice and a 1‐g capsule containing pomegranate extract were evaluated in vitro and in vivo as inhibitors of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), with flurbiprofen serving as the index substrate. Fluconazole was the positive control inhibitor. The in vitro 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values for pomegranate juice and extract were below 1% (vol/vol), with no evidence of mechanism‐based (irreversible) inhibition. In clinical studies, flurbiprofen pharmacokinetics were unchanged by pomegranate juice or extract as compared to a low‐polyphenol placebo control beverage. However, fluconazole significantly reduced the oral clearance of flurbiprofen. Despite inhibition of CYP2C9 in vitro , pomegranate juice and extract had no effect on CYP2C9 activity in human subjects, and can be consumed by patients taking CYP2C9 substrate drugs with negligible risk of a pharmacokinetic interaction. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2012); 92 5, 651–657. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.170