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Mechanisms Involved in Placebo and Nocebo Responses and Implications for Drug Trials
Author(s) -
Rief W,
Bingel U,
Schedlowski M,
Enck P
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1038/clpt.2011.204
Subject(s) - nocebo effect , placebo , nocebo , clinical pharmacology , clinical trial , medicine , drug , placebo response , pharmacology , psychology , alternative medicine , intensive care medicine , psychotherapist , pathology
Drug trials often compare active drugs with inert placebos under double‐blind conditions. This standard design is increasingly being questioned in light of recent progress in understanding the mechanisms behind the placebo response. 1 , 2 The growing knowledge of the neurobiology of placebo is forcing us to reconsider the significance of the placebo in clinical practice, with consequent profound implications for the design of clinical trials. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2011); 90 5, 722–726. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.204