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Pharmacology of Synergism Among Immunosuppressive Drugs for Transplantation
Author(s) -
Kahan BD
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1038/clpt.2011.100
Subject(s) - clinical pharmacology , pharmacology , in vivo , drug , transplantation , medicine , systems pharmacology , organ transplantation , immunosuppressive drug , drug development , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
The pleiotropic toxicities of immunosuppressants have led clinicians to employ drug combinations using individually subtherapeutic doses. These combinations generally perform additively; rarely are they synergistic or antagonistic. Following the initial work of Berenbaum, 1 Chou 2 developed a quantitative approach to identify the nature of drug interactions—median‐effect analysis—that we have applied over the past 20 years in in vitro models as well as in in vivo transplantations in animals and humans, as described herein. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2011) 90 2, 303–309. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.100