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Melatonin suppresses osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities in the scales of goldfish
Author(s) -
Suzuki Nobuo,
Hattori Atsuhiko
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-079x.2002.02953.x
Subject(s) - melatonin , medicine , endocrinology , alkaline phosphatase , osteoblast , tartrate resistant acid phosphatase , biology , acid phosphatase , chemistry , osteoclast , enzyme , receptor , in vitro , biochemistry
The effects of melatonin on osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells were examined using a culture system of the goldfish scale. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were used as markers of osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells, respectively. In Earle's minimum essential medium containing melatonin (10 −9 to 10 −5 m ), activities of both enzymes in scales were significantly suppressed at 6 hr after incubation (TRACP: 10 −8 , 10 −6 , 10 −5 m ; ALP: 10 −7 to 10 −5 m ), but at 18 hr only ALP activity was significantly lowered (10 −8 , 10 −7 m ). Estradiol‐17ß (E 2 ) enhanced both activities, which were significantly inhibited and brought down to the level of the controls when co‐incubated with E 2 and melatonin (TRACP at 6 hr: 10 −9 to 10 −5 m ; ALP at 6 hr: 10 −7 m ; ALP at 18 hr: 10 −8 m ). Moreover, using reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, the mRNA expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1, which are related to osteoblastic growth and differentiation, was decreased in the melatonin‐treated scales. These results suggest that melatonin acts directly on the scale osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells where it suppresses the ALP activity via down‐regulation of ER and IGF‐1 mRNAs expression. This is the first report on the function of melatonin in osteoclasts and on the suppressive effect of melatonin in osteoblasts among vertebrates.