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Treatment of dental anxiety disorders. Outcome related to DSM‐IV diagnoses
Author(s) -
Kvale Gerd,
Raadal Magne,
Vika Margrete,
Johnsen Bjørn Helge,
Skaret Erik,
Vatnelid Herborg,
Øiamo Ingrid
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0722.2002.11204.x
Subject(s) - anxiety , dental fear , medicine , attendance , medical diagnosis , specific phobia , clinical psychology , psychiatry , anxiety disorder , dentistry , pathology , economics , economic growth
In this study we evaluated treatment effects in 70 consecutively admitted patients in a specialized university clinic for treatment of dental fear. Thirty‐three (47%) of the patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Specific Phobia alone (Dental Phobia, DP), 24 (33%) had severe dental anxiety without fulfilling the criteria for phobia (ND), and 13 (19%) fulfilled the criteria for multiple DSM‐IV diagnoses (MD). Dental anxiety was measured prior to, immediately after and at follow‐up (mean=19 months) using Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale and Dental Fear Survey. Dental attitudes were measured by Getz′ Dental Beliefs Survey. Dental attendance and everyday functioning were measured by self‐report. DP patients received significantly more treatment‐sessions as compared to the ND group. Despite significant overall reductions in scores on all psychometric instruments from pretreatment to follow up, patients in the MD group reported significantly more severe anxiety at pre‐ and post‐treatment and at follow‐up as compared to patients in the ND group. There was no interaction between diagnostic group and assessment occasion (pre treatment, post treatment and follow up) on the self‐reported anxiety. Patients reported significant improvements in self‐esteem, social relations and everyday functioning, regardless of diagnostic group. Sixty‐three percentage of the respondents had been to the dentist within 1 year after completed treatment. Patients treated by dentists who had received supervised training in exposure treatment had significantly more often seen the dentist at follow‐up.