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Proteolytic degradation of oral biofilms in vitro and in vivo : potential of proteases originating from Euphausia superba for plaque control
Author(s) -
Hahn Berg I. Cecilia,
Kalfas Sotirios,
Malmsten Martin,
Arnebrant Thomas
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0722.2001.00099.x
Subject(s) - dental plaque , in vivo , biofilm , in vitro , saliva , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , euphausia , proteases , microorganism , enzyme , biochemistry , food science , biology , bacteria , krill , genetics , fishery
This paper deals with enzymatic removal of dental plaque, in vitro as well as in vivo , using proteases from the Antarctic krill shrimp ( Euphausia superba ), referred to as Krillase ® . Krillase exhibits both endo‐ and exopeptidase activity but has no microbicidal effect. In model systems with pure cultures of oral microorganisms, Krillase demonstrated inhibition of microbial adhesion to saliva‐coated hydroxyapatite. Furthermore, a protocol for the growth of reproducible in vitro plaque films has been developed, and effects of Krillase on the plaque film were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that Krillase efficiently released microorganisms from plaque in vitro , the effect being dependent on the enzymatic activity. The surface energy of the substratum had a minor influence on the formation and removal of plaque in vitro . Ellipsometric studies on the formation and enzymatic removal of a salivary pellicle indicated that the enzymatic effect on plaque may partly depend on degradation of the salivary pellicle. Krillase was also able to remove plaque accumulated on dentures in vivo . Our results demonstrate the potential of Krillase for plaque control, and that these enzymes are worthy of further investigations including clinical studies and work to find a suitable vehicle.