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Mechanisms underlying UV‐induced immune suppression: implications for sunscreen design
Author(s) -
Ullrich Stephen E.,
Kripke Margaret L.,
Ananthaswamy Honnavara N.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0625.11.s.1.4.x
Subject(s) - immune system , candida albicans , biology , immunology , chemistry , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology
The ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight is immune‐suppressive. Recently we showed that solar‐simulated UV radiation (UVA + UVB; 295–400 nm), applied after immunization, suppressed immunological memory and the elicitation of delayed‐type hypersensitivity to the common opportunistic pathogen, Candida albicans . Further, we found that wavelengths in the UVA region of the solar spectrum (320–400 nm), devoid of UVB, were equally effective in activating immune suppression as UVA + UVB radiation. Here we report on the mechanisms involved. No immune suppression was found in UV‐irradiated mice injected with monoclonal anti‐interleukin (IL)‐10 antibody, or mice exposed to solar‐simulated UV radiation and injected with recombinant IL‐12. Antigen‐specific suppressor T cells were found in the spleens of mice exposed to UVA + UVB radiation. Applying liposomes containing bacteriophage T4N5 to the skin of mice exposed to solar‐simulated UVA + UVB radiation or mice exposed to UVA radiation blocked immune suppression, demonstrating an essential role for UV‐induced DNA damage in the suppression of established immune reactions. These findings indicate that UV radiation activates similar immunological pathways to suppress the induction, or the elicitation, of the immune response.