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Change of antibiotic susceptibility following periodontal therapy
Author(s) -
Buchmann Rainer,
Müller Rüdiger F.,
Van Dyke Thomas E.,
Lange Dieter E.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.10196.x
Subject(s) - amoxicillin , metronidazole , antibiotics , medicine , periodontitis , tetracycline , antimicrobial , minimum inhibitory concentration , chronic periodontitis , clavulanic acid , gastroenterology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Background: The hypothesis was tested that bacterial susceptibilities in aggressive periodontitis change upon administration of systemic antibiotics as adjuncts to periodontal therapy. Methods: In 23 subjects (average age 38.9±6.7 years) with aggressive periodontitis, microbial parameters were assessed prior to and 1 year after completion of comprehensive mechanical/surgical and systemic antimicrobial therapy. Following identification of five selected pathogens with the Rapid ID 32 A system, their susceptibilities towards amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline were examined with the E ‐test. Antibiotics were administered according to the test results, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC 90 ) were reevaluated after 1 year. Statistical analysis was performed on a patient basis, with the site data used for evaluation of the MIC levels. Results: Bacterial MIC levels remained constant among the three antibiotic treatment groups compared with baseline. Mean MIC 90 values ranged from <0.02 to 0.11 μ g/ml (amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium), <0.02 to 0.27 μ g/ml (metronidazole), and <0.02 to 0.11 μ g/ml (tetracycline). Observed changes in susceptibility were attributed to the elimination of single bacterial taxa in the subgingival environment after antibiotic therapy. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical parameters among the treatment groups. Single tetracycline MICs were 1.5‐ to 6‐fold enhanced compared to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium and metronidazole. Conclusion: The periodontal pathogens investigated prior to and 1 year after periodontal therapy are tested sensitive to the antimicrobial agents. In aggressive periodontitis, changes in bacterial susceptibility upon the administration of systemic antibiotics are associated with the limited number of isolates tested following therapy.