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Tissue structure, and IL‐1β, IL‐8, and TNF‐α secretions after contact by engineered human oral mucosa with dentifrices
Author(s) -
Mostefaoui Yakout,
Claveau Isabelle,
Ross Geneviève,
Rouabhia Mahmoud
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.291109.x
Subject(s) - dentifrice , desquamation , oral mucosa , cytokine , proinflammatory cytokine , epithelium , medicine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , interleukin , inflammation , dentistry , chemistry , immunology , pathology , inorganic chemistry , fluoride
The use of dentifrice is part of an oral prophylaxis that aims at keeping bacteria in check within the dental plaque. When introduced into the oral cavity, dentifrice also comes in close contact with the oral epithelium. Our goal was to evaluate the effects of dentifrices on tissue structure and pro‐inflammatory mediator release by epithelial cells. For this purpose, tri‐dimensional engineered human oral mucosa (EHOM) was produced using normal human palatal fibroblasts and epithelial cells. EHOMs were either treated with Aquafresh® or Crest® for 1, 4, 8, and 24 h, or untreated, then used for cell viability assessment and structural analyses. Cultured supernatants were used to evaluate cytokine (interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α) secretion, and metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and ‐9 activities. The present in vitro study using engineered oral mucosa confirms that dentifrices (Aquafresh and Crest) contribute to tissue desquamation. The desquamation was substantial at 24 h of contact but was limited to the upper layers of the treated tissues. Cell death in these tissues was not increased, suggesting that the dentifrice had accelerated desquamation of the layers containing differentiated cells. Measurement of cytokines revealed that dentifrices up‐regulated IL‐1β while down‐regulating IL‐8 and TNF‐α secretion, thus indicating an impaired cascade of inflammatory responses. These dentifrices may also impair normal repair mechanisms as suggested by an up‐regulation of gelatinase activities. In conclusion, this study suggested that, via cytokines, dentifrice contributes to the modulation of the inflammatory (pro‐inflammatory/anti‐inflammatory responses) process.