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Transforming growth factor‐β1 incorporated in calcium phosphate cement stimulates osteotransductivity in rat calvarial bone defects
Author(s) -
Blom Erik J.,
KleinNulend Jenneke,
Burger Elisabeth H.,
Blom Erik J.,
Van Waas Marinus A. J.,
Yin Lei
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.120609.x
Subject(s) - calcium , cement , calcium phosphate cement , skull , bone cement , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , dentistry , chemistry , medicine , anatomy , in vitro , materials science , biochemistry , metallurgy
Bone regeneration of the alveolar crest around dental implants is an important factor in the success of implant use. Calcium phosphate cement can be used as a bone substitute and applied clinically as a paste to fill micro‐ and macroscopic bone defects. We have shown earlier that the intermixing of the recombinant human transforming growth factor‐β1 (rhTGF‐β1) in hardening calcium phosphate cement stimulated osteoblastic differentiation of rat primary bone cells in vitro . The aim of the present study was to examine whether the similar enrichment with rhTGF‐β1 affects the replacement of calcium phosphate cement by bone (osteotransduction) in calvarial critical size defects (csd) of adult rats. Two bone defects of 5 mm diameter were created bilaterally in each skull of 10 adult male rats. Both defects were filled with 53 mg of calcium phosphate cement without rhTGF‐β1 (control) at one side, and with 10 or 20 ng rhTGF‐β1 at the other side. After 8 weeks, defects with surrounding skull were analysed histologically and histomorphometrically. The addition of rhTGF‐β1 in the cement increased the amount of bone in rat skull defects. This finding coincidences with our in vitro observations, that intermixing of rhTGF‐β1 in calcium phosphate cement stimulates bone cell differentiation. Addition of rhTGF‐β1 stimulated bone formation as indicated by an increased bone volume of 50% and an increased bone/cement contact of 65%, in comparison to control defects with cement without rhTGF‐β1. In addition, rhTGF‐β1 reduced the remaining volume of cement, by 11% at 10 ng rhTGF‐β1, and by 20% at 20 ng rhTGF‐β1 in the cement. Defect closure was not affected. We conclude that the intermixing of rhTGF‐β1 in a fast‐setting calcium phosphate cement stimulates bone growth and the osteotransduction of the cement. For bone regeneration procedures around endosseous implants, calcium phosphate cement with rhTGF‐β1 might be an appropriate combination for early osseointegration and implant use.