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Biological reactions of alveolar bone to orthodontic loading of oral implants
Author(s) -
Melsen B.,
Lang N. P.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.012002144.x
Subject(s) - osseointegration , implant , dental alveolus , dentistry , alveolar process , bone resorption , resorption , bone remodeling , dental implant , medicine , orthodontics , surgery , pathology
Enosseous oral implants have been suggested as anchorage for orthodontic appliances in cases where the existing dentition cannot provide sufficient stability. Long‐term studies of oral implants have suggested that excessive loading may contribute as an etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of failing implants. The purpose of the present study was to perform a histomorphometric analysis of tissue reactions around implants subjected to a well‐defined force system. The analysis was performed on undecalcified sections cut perpendicularly to the long axis of the implant. The degree of osseointegration, bone density at varying distances from the implant as well as the relative extent of resorption and formation of alveolar bone adjacent to the implant–bone interface were evaluated. The results were correlated with the local strain of the tissue estimated by the means of a finite element analysis. It was found that loading significantly influenced both the turnover and the density of the alveolar bone in the proximity of the implants. However, even unloaded implants tended to maintain the bone characteristics of the alveolar process. On the other hand, the degree of osseointegration appeared to be independent of the loading of the implant.