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Lithium and suicidal behavior in major affective disorder: a case–control study
Author(s) -
Coryell William,
Arndt Stephan,
Turvey Carolyn,
Endicott Jean,
Solomon David,
Mueller Tim,
Leon Andrew C.,
Keller Martin
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00338.x
Subject(s) - lithium (medication) , suicide attempt , psychiatry , psychology , suicide prevention , naturalistic observation , poison control , clinical psychology , injury prevention , medicine , medical emergency , social psychology
Objective: A number of studies have suggested that lithium may be particularly effective in reducing suicide risks among patients with major affective disorders. The design of many of these studies left them open to biases associated with treatment compliance, however. Method: Subjects were drawn from a naturalistic, long‐term follow‐up of patients with major affective disorders. Fifteen who committed suicide while receiving somatotherapy where matched to non‐suicidal patients who were similarly receiving somatotherapy at the same point in follow‐up. The same procedure was followed for 41 patients who made a serious suicide attempt during follow‐up. Results: Six (40.0%) of the patients who committed suicide, and eight (53.3%) of their controls, were thought to have been taking lithium in the preceding week. Among attempters and their controls, nine (22.0%) and eight (19.5%), respectively, were taking lithium. Conclusion: These results do not support previous suggestions that lithium has uniquely antisuicidal properties. Other existing datasets should be explored with this design to establish whether lithium does, or does not, offer special protection against suicide.