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Influence of CO 2 and sucrose on photosynthesis and transpiration of Actinidia deliciosa explants cultured in vitro
Author(s) -
Arigita Luis,
González Aida,
Tamés Ricardo Sánchez
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1150119.x
Subject(s) - actinidia deliciosa , transpiration , actinidia , explant culture , sucrose , photosynthesis , botany , in vitro , biology , horticulture , chemistry , food science , biochemistry
Explants of Actinidia deliciosa Chev. Liang and Ferguson var. Hayward were cultured in controlled CO 2 atmospheres in the presence of different sucrose concentrations. Organogenesis was measured after 45 days in explants from the different assays, and quantification of photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophylls, RUBISCO and total soluble protein content was performed in leaves from the different treatments. The best results were those of explants cultured at 600 µmol CO 2 mol −1 on 20 g l −1 of sucrose for the first 20 days and then transferred to sucrose‐free medium until the end of the culture period. Increasing CO 2 to 2000 µmol CO 2 mol −1 in the atmosphere of the culture vessel reduced all the parameters studied. Photosynthesis of autotrophically developed explants trebled that of the reference heterotrophic explants, as there was an apparent inverse relationship between photosynthesis and transpiration. Photosynthesis was saturated at 300 µmol m −2 s −1 PPFD and 600 µmol CO 2 mol −1 . Chlorophylls and RUBISCO presented differences between treatments, mainly between different CO 2 concentrations, with the highest values in autotrophically cultured explants. Explants grown at 2000 µmol CO 2 mol −1 showed the lowest RUBISCO/Prots ratio, probably due to negative adaptation of RUBISCO to long‐term high CO 2 . In short, explants grown in a controlled microenvironment, with increased CO 2 and under autotrophic conditions, developed wholly functional photosynthetic apparatus well prepared to be transferred to ex vitro conditions, which has many advantages in micropropagation.