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A generalized soft water acidification model
Author(s) -
Nikolaidis Nikolaos P.,
Rajaram Harihar,
Schnoor Jerald L.,
Georgakakos Konstantine P.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
water resources research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.863
H-Index - 217
eISSN - 1944-7973
pISSN - 0043-1397
DOI - 10.1029/wr024i012p01983
Subject(s) - sulfate , interflow , environmental science , alkalinity , hydrology (agriculture) , evapotranspiration , snowmelt , precipitation , groundwater , aquifer , water balance , snow , chemistry , geology , geotechnical engineering , ecology , meteorology , organic chemistry , physics , geomorphology , biology
A generalized soft water acidification model has been developed. The enhanced trickle‐down (ETD) model is driven by precipitation, evaporation, acidity, sulfate, and chloride loading time series daily input data. The hydrologic component simulates snowmelt, interflow, overland flow, groundwater flow, frozen ground processes, seepage, and evapotranspiration. Physicochemical and biological processes that affect the alkalinity or sulfate balance and are included in the formulation are cation exchange, chemical weathering, sulfate sorption, and sulfate reduction. The system of 20 ordinary differential equations is solved by using a variable time step fourth‐order predictor‐corrector numerical scheme. Shown here is calibration of the ETD model for two lakes in the Adirondack Park of New York. ETD is relatively simple and requires limited input data, and yet it accounts for the predominant hydrologic and biochemical processes of the ecosystem.