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Nonlinear optical phenomenon in a three‐dimensional LiNbO 3 optical waveguide
Author(s) -
Uesugi Naoshi
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
radio science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.371
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1944-799X
pISSN - 0048-6604
DOI - 10.1029/rs017i001p00197
Subject(s) - second harmonic generation , energy conversion efficiency , waveguide , optics , birefringence , nonlinear optics , materials science , sum frequency generation , quasi phase matching , cross polarized wave generation , nonlinear system , phase (matter) , power (physics) , optoelectronics , physics , wave propagation , laser , quantum mechanics
The nonlinear optical phenomena in a three‐dimensional LiNbO 3 optical waveguide are discussed. The phase‐matching condition and conversion efficiency of second harmonic generation and difference frequency generation are derived theoretically. The temperature dependence of birefringence of the LiNbO 3 crystal is used to satisfy the phase‐matching condition of nonlinear interactions. It is revealed that the temperature‐tuning method is very useful in satisfying the phase‐matching condition over a wide wave‐length range. The several percent conversion efficiency is expected with 100‐mW fundamental or pumping power and a 1‐cm‐long optical waveguide. The second harmonic generation and difference frequency generation experiments using Ti in‐diffused LiNbO 3 optical waveguides were also shown. The maximum conversion efficiency for second harmonic generation (SHG) was measured to be 0.77% for 65‐mW fundamental input power. Infrared waves ranging from 1.035 to 1.19 μm were generated by the difference frequency generation.