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Excitation of the HF surface wave by vertical and horizontal antennas
Author(s) -
Wait James R.,
Hill David A.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
radio science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.371
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1944-799X
pISSN - 0048-6604
DOI - 10.1029/rs014i005p00767
Subject(s) - excitation , current (fluid) , physics , dipole , surface wave , antenna (radio) , excited state , computational physics , aperture (computer memory) , optics , mode (computer interface) , planar , acoustics , atomic physics , telecommunications , computer science , thermodynamics , operating system , computer graphics (images) , quantum mechanics
Using a spherical earth model, we develop a normal mode analysis for the excitation by an azimuthally symmetric source region. We then specialize the general formulation to deal with a vertical antenna with a prescribed current distribution. In particular, we consider the current distribution that would excite a pure Zenneck wave on the corresponding planar earth model. But we also consider excitation by vertical electric dipole and a uniform current distribution. Finally, we examine a horizontal antenna that is excited by a traveling current wave. Our general conclusion is that the Zenneck wave aperture illumination (i.e., current distribution) is a poor choice for enhancing the ground wave over a spherical earth. This point is illustrated for specific calculations at a frequency of 1 and 10 MHz over both land and sea.