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Microwave to visible frequency synthesis
Author(s) -
Jimenez Juan J.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
radio science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.371
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1944-799X
pISSN - 0048-6604
DOI - 10.1029/rs014i004p00541
Subject(s) - laser , microwave , neon , optics , gas laser , frequency multiplier , materials science , optoelectronics , physics , atomic physics , argon , cmos , quantum mechanics
The helium‐neon methane‐stabilized laser frequency at 88 THz (3.39 μm) and higher frequencies (148 and 197 THz, frequencies of the Xe (2.03 μm) and Ne (1.52 μm) lasers) have been measured by comparison with the cesium frequency standard using a microwave to visible frequency synthesis chain. This paper will report on the techniques of laser frequency measurements, the nonlinear devices used for these measurements, and the different methods for laser frequency synthesis with emphasis on microwave and laser generators. The extension of laser frequency measurements to the visible will also be discussed.